Can you get TSS from a menstrual cup?

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a rare but serious bacterial infection often linked to tampon use. As more people switch to menstrual cups, a common question arises:
“Can I get TSS from using a menstrual cup?”

The short answer is yes, it’s possible, but the risk is very rare and can be further reduced with proper hygiene and usage.

What Is Toxic Shock Syndrome?

TSS is caused by toxins produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus bacteria. These bacteria are naturally found on the skin and mucous membranes but can become dangerous if they multiply and release toxins into the bloodstream.

TSS and Menstrual Products

TSS was historically associated with high-absorbency tampons in the 1980s, leading to better regulations and product changes. Today:

  • Tampons: Still carry a slightly higher risk due to the absorbent nature and prolonged wear time.

  • Menstrual Cups: Because they collect (not absorb) blood and are made of medical-grade silicone or rubber, they carry a lower TSS risk — but not zero.

How Menstrual Cup-Related TSS Happens

Although rare, there have been a few documented cases of TSS linked to menstrual cup use. The possible causes include:

  • Leaving the cup in too long (more than 12 hours)

  • Not washing hands before insertion or removal

  • Not cleaning or sterilizing the cup between cycles

  • Cup causing small abrasions in the vaginal wall

How to Lower Your Risk of TSS with a Menstrual Cup

✅ Wash your hands before inserting or removing the cup
✅ Empty and rinse the cup every 4–12 hours
✅ Sterilize the cup between periods by boiling it for 5 minutes
✅ Avoid sleeping with it longer than 12 hours
✅ Do not use if you have a history of TSS unless approved by your doctor
✅ Choose the right size to avoid irritation or scratches

Signs of TSS to Watch For

Although rare, be alert for the following symptoms and seek medical attention immediately:

  • Sudden high fever

  • Vomiting or diarrhea

  • Rash resembling a sunburn

  • Dizziness or fainting

  • Muscle aches

  • Confusion

Final Thoughts

TSS is extremely rare with menstrual cups, especially when you follow proper hygiene and usage guidelines. If you’re using a menstrual cup correctly — emptying it regularly, cleaning it well, and monitoring for any discomfort — it’s a safe, healthy, and low-risk menstrual product.

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